The Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine has been approved for use in the UK, with the first doses due to be given on Monday.
The UK has ordered 100 million doses - enough to vaccinate 50 million people.
Along with the Pfizer-BioNTech jab, the UK now has enough to cover the entire population, Health Secretary Matt Hancock said.
He described the development as a "significant moment" in the fight against the virus.
Speaking on BBC Breakfast, he said he could "now say with confidence we can vaccinate everyone".
"We've got enough of this vaccine on order to vaccinate the whole population - 100 million doses. Add that to the 30 million doses of Pfizer and that's enough for two doses for the entire population," he added.
It comes as millions more people in England are expected to be placed under the toughest tier four - "stay at home" - coronavirus restrictions amid escalating case numbers.
On Tuesday, 53,135 new Covid cases were recorded in the UK - the highest single day rise since mass testing began - as well as 414 more deaths within 28 days of a positive test.
The Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine was designed in the first months of 2020, tested on the first volunteer in April, and has since been through large-scale clinical trials involving thousands of people.
It has been developed at a pace that would have been unthinkable before the pandemic.
It is the second jab to be approved in the UK after the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was given the go-ahead in December.
The approval of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine marks a major turning point in the pandemic.
It will lead to a massive expansion in the UK immunisation campaign aimed at getting life back to normal.
The shift to giving as many people as possible the first doses of either approved vaccine effectively doubles the number of people given some protection.
The second dose, which gives maximum protection, will come up to three months later.
However, the next couple of months still look bleak.
Health officials have spoken of "unprecedented" levels of infection and some hospitals are struggling with the number of patients.
The restrictions we are all living under are likely to get tougher before vaccines make a tangible difference and sets us on the path to normality.
More than 600,000 people in the UK have been vaccinated since Margaret Keenan became the first in the world to get that jab outside of a clinical trial.
But the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine will lead to a significant increase in vaccination as it is cheap and easy to mass produce.
Crucially it can be stored in a standard fridge - unlike the Pfizer-BioNTech jab which needs ultra cold storage at -70C - so it will be far easier to get the Oxford vaccine to care homes and GP surgeries.
Priority groups for immunisation - including the elderly, care home residents and health and care workers - have already been identified.
The new vaccine approval comes after Public Health England said the country was facing "unprecedented" levels of infections, and health officials in parts of Wales, Scotland and the south of England voiced concerns about the increasing pressure on the NHS.
Who will get the vaccine?
The immunisation campaign will now shift to giving as many people as possible their first dose of vaccine.
The aim will be to give as many vulnerable people some protection from Covid-19.
The decision is based on advice from the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation.
A Department of Health and Social Care spokesperson said: "The priority should be to give as many people in at-risk groups their first dose, rather than providing the required two doses in as short a time as possible.
"Everyone will still receive their second dose and this will be within 12 weeks of their first. The second dose completes the course and is important for longer term protection."
How effective is the Oxford vaccine?
There are three figures doing the rounds - 62%, 70% and 90%.
The first analysis of the trial data showed 70% of people were protected from developing Covid-19 and nobody developed severe disease or needed hospital treatment.
The figure was just 62% when people were given two full doses of the jab and 90% when they were first given a half dose and then a full one.
The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has approved two full doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine.
However, unpublished data suggests that leaving a longer gap between the first and second doses increases the overall effectiveness of the jab.
There was not enough clear data to approve the half-dose, full-dose idea.
All the vaccines are expected to be equally effective against the new variants of the virus that have emerged.
How does it work?
The vaccine is a genetically modified common cold virus that used to infect chimpanzees.
It has been altered to stop it causing an infection in people and to carry the blueprints for part of the coronavirus, known as the spike protein.
Once these blueprints are inside the body they start producing the coronavirus' spike protein, which the immune system recognizes as a threat and tries to squash it.
Then, when the immune system comes into contact with the virus for real, it already knows what to do.
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https://news.google.com/__i/rss/rd/articles/CBMiKmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jby51ay9uZXdzL2hlYWx0aC01NTI4MDY3MdIBLmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jby51ay9uZXdzL2FtcC9oZWFsdGgtNTUyODA2NzE?oc=5
2020-12-30 08:14:00Z
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